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借助曖昧關(guān)系解決英語(yǔ)問(wèn)題

時(shí)間:2022-05-09 17:25:24 情感 我要投稿
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借助曖昧關(guān)系解決英語(yǔ)問(wèn)題

  考研英語(yǔ)中,出題人每年都會(huì)設(shè)置1-2篇轉(zhuǎn)折型文章,同時(shí)一定會(huì)對(duì)應(yīng)設(shè)置態(tài)度題。文章轉(zhuǎn)折的結(jié)構(gòu)和態(tài)度題之間的這種關(guān)系尤為“曖昧”。做題的時(shí)候,可以通過(guò)這種“曖昧”關(guān)系,迅速解題。

借助曖昧關(guān)系解決英語(yǔ)問(wèn)題

  轉(zhuǎn)折型文章設(shè)置的方式

  轉(zhuǎn)折型文章是指行文過(guò)程中,后面的文字否定或質(zhì)疑了前面的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的文章。這種文章讀起來(lái)一波三折,顯然比從頭到尾都順接的文章有難度。

  常見的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)有三個(gè)地方:①首段轉(zhuǎn)折;②第二段開始轉(zhuǎn)折;③末段轉(zhuǎn)折。

  轉(zhuǎn)折有兩種可能性:①質(zhì)疑(question)前面的觀點(diǎn);②否定(deny)前面的觀點(diǎn);

  轉(zhuǎn)折有兩種形式:①明顯型,即用However, but, not等詞表達(dá);②隱晦型,即什么暗示詞都沒(méi)有,直接更改前文提出的主題詞或態(tài)度詞等。

  2014年text3就是一篇轉(zhuǎn)折型文章。

  文章首段內(nèi)部沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)折,一氣呵成,首段最后一句話就是要提出的一個(gè)初步觀點(diǎn)(如下段下劃線部分):

  The US$3 million Fundamental Physics is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March….These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science. (這些捐助者說(shuō),自己在他們的領(lǐng)域很成功,并且他們想使用他們的財(cái)富來(lái)吸引那一些在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域取得成就的人。)

  文章第二段一開始就明顯地提出了不同意見,即不太贊成首段的這個(gè)觀點(diǎn):有很多東西是買不到的。具體如下:

  What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels.(有什么不同意的嗎?有很多,根據(jù)《News Feature》所引用的大量科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)。正如古語(yǔ)所說(shuō),你不能購(gòu)買階層,這些創(chuàng)業(yè)暴發(fā)戶也不能購(gòu)買諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的榮譽(yù)作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))

  3-4段都是順接,支持第二段提出的質(zhì)疑。

  最后一段出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折:

  轉(zhuǎn)折:As much as some science may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, … Second,…. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism- that is the culture of research, after all-but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.

  從下劃線來(lái)看,作者態(tài)度從質(zhì)疑轉(zhuǎn)向了肯定,不過(guò)就是很隱晦,得仔細(xì)閱讀。總之,末段否定了第2段開頭時(shí)的觀點(diǎn),肯定首段觀點(diǎn)。

  小結(jié):文章結(jié)構(gòu)

  首段觀點(diǎn);二段質(zhì)疑;中間段支撐質(zhì)疑;末段轉(zhuǎn)為肯定首段觀點(diǎn)。

  這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是經(jīng)典的文章結(jié)構(gòu)。小伙伴們謹(jǐn)記!

  對(duì)應(yīng)態(tài)度題的速解技巧

  一般出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折的文章會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)一道態(tài)度題,專門考查學(xué)生是否看懂了文章怪來(lái)拐去的觀點(diǎn)。解題時(shí),無(wú)需全文回看,只需要把握好發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折發(fā)生的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵地方即可。

  35、The author believes that the new awards are

  [A] unworthy of public attention.

  [B] subject to undesirable changes .

  [C] harmful to the culture of research.

  [D] acceptable despite the criticism.

  此題ABC都是貶義,D為褒義。根據(jù)末段的轉(zhuǎn)折,對(duì)于new award的態(tài)度為肯定,即迅速判斷選D。

  借助“曖昧”速解題

  考場(chǎng)上,拿到考題,首先看題目,哪篇文章有態(tài)度題,基本上就是轉(zhuǎn)折型文章。重點(diǎn)關(guān)注發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折的幾個(gè)地方,迅速解題。運(yùn)氣好時(shí),猜測(cè)也能對(duì)!

  口訣一下:做閱讀時(shí),看態(tài)度題;有這種題,轉(zhuǎn)折定已;首段二段末段,最終態(tài)度解題。

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